Social protection policies are defined as a set of programs implemented by the state with the aim of alleviating citizens, helping the poor and the most vulnerable groups, and protecting them from the negative effects of economic policies. This research aims to identify the reality of social protection policies in Egypt in terms of their inception, and their development during the various historical stages, up to the current status of those policies. The research also aims to try to find out how economic policies affected the quality of social protection programs applied in Egyptian society during those stages. The research relied on the historical method and on the available official sources.
The social policy in Egypt began with the concept of satisfying the basic needs necessary for survival, and the state’s interest in caring for the poor to ensure social stability. During the period from the early seventies until the beginning of the twenty-first century, it was no longer the main actor, as it made its social policies complementary to economic policies. Beginning in 2014, the role of the state was reconsidered, and there was a partnership with civil society and the private sector, and the development model adopted by the state was different.
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