“Social Transformations and Their Impact on Employment Patterns in Egyptian Countryside"

This research drives at identifying the patterns of rural employment in light of the social and economic transformations that the Egyptian society in general and the rural community in particular have undergone through this main question: What are the agricultural and non-agricultural employment patterns and the changes that occurred to them in the Egyptian countryside?. This study belongs to the descriptive type of studies. The researcher has relied on both the social survey method and the anthropological approach, in addition to the method of studying the local community. The research uses the questionnaire as a field research tool to give quantitative data on the patterns of rural employment in the study population, and the interview where ten representative cases have been selected for the study population. The study is applied on a regular random sample of (324) items. The study is summed up with a decline or retreat in agricultural work in the research population, exposing the effects of the problems that the agricultural sector and farmers suffer from, in addition to the progress of the non-agricultural sector to the research population; as the non-agricultural sector is characterized with advantages and changes in the values and culture of the countryside and their tendency towards self-employment. The most important recommendations of the study are: The need to solving farmers' problems and opening new labor markets for the non-agricultural employment.